When we think of borders, we often imagine expansive stretches of land, imposing fences, and checkpoints. But one of the world’s most fascinating borders is also the shortest—just 85 meters long. Welcome to the curious case of the border between the Spanish territory of Peñón de Vélez de la Gomera and Morocco, a tiny sliver of land steeped in history and geopolitical intrigue.

The Origins of Peñón de Vélez de la Gomera

Peñón de Vélez de la Gomera is a rocky outcrop located on the Mediterranean coast of Morocco. Its history is a tale of military strategy, colonial ambitions, and the shifting sands of power in the Mediterranean. The outcrop was originally an island, part of a chain of small Spanish-controlled territories known as the Plazas de soberanía. These territories were seized by Spain in the 16th century as part of its efforts to combat piracy and extend its influence along the North African coast.

In 1508, Spain captured Peñón de Vélez de la Gomera to prevent it from being used as a base by pirates. Over the centuries, it became an important military outpost for Spain, withstanding several sieges and conflicts. Despite its small size, Peñón de Vélez de la Gomera was a valuable strategic asset, offering control over the surrounding waters and a foothold on the African continent.

The Border Forms: A Natural Connection

For much of its history, Peñón de Vélez de la Gomera was an island, separated from the Moroccan mainland by a narrow channel. However, in 1934, a powerful storm and subsequent silt buildup connected the island to the mainland, creating what is now the world’s shortest land border. This tiny strip of land, just 85 meters long, marks the division between Spanish-controlled territory and Morocco.

The Shortest Border Today

Today, the border between Peñón de Vélez de la Gomera and Morocco is marked by a simple wall, rather than the elaborate barriers seen at many international boundaries. Despite its size, the border is a powerful symbol of the complex history and ongoing territorial disputes between Spain and Morocco.

Peñón de Vélez de la Gomera, along with a few other small enclaves and islands, remains under Spanish control, much to the chagrin of Morocco. The Moroccan government has repeatedly called for the return of these territories, seeing them as remnants of colonialism. Spain, however, maintains its sovereignty over the outcrop, citing historical claims and strategic interests.

The Significance of the Border

While the border at Peñón de Vélez de la Gomera might be tiny, it carries significant weight in the realm of international relations. It’s a reminder of the long and complicated history between Spain and Morocco, a relationship shaped by centuries of conflict, cooperation, and negotiation.

This 85-meter border also highlights the arbitrary nature of many of the world’s borders. Drawn by history, geography, and sometimes even natural disasters, borders like this one show how the world’s geopolitical map is often shaped by forces beyond human control.

A Curious Case of Geography

The border between Peñón de Vélez de la Gomera and Morocco is a unique geographical and historical oddity. It’s the shortest international border in the world, yet it tells a story as rich and complex as any other. The outcrop, and the border it created, stands as a testament to the enduring influence of history and geography on the modern world.

The story of the world’s shortest border is a fascinating journey through time and space. From its origins as a strategic military outpost to its modern-day status as a point of contention between two nations, Peñón de Vélez de la Gomera offers a unique glimpse into the complexities of borders and international relations. It’s a reminder that even the smallest borders can have a big impact on the world stage, carrying with them the weight of history, culture, and national identity.